Cardinal Newman and His Times

This guide supports the The Newman Collection, one of the Special Collections at Saint Mary's College of California. The Collection comprises over 5,000 items including about 1,200 tracts and 500 volumes of bound periodicals.

The Kulturkampf

The Kulturkampf

Following Vatican Council I in 1870, the Catholic Church in German-speaking countries was troubled both by the splitting off into the Old Catholic Movement of bishops who dissented from some of the council's reforms and by attacks on the Church by Otto von Bismarck, who sought to subjugate religion to the state in the new German Empire. The Collection contains a significant number of documents concerning both the Kulturkampf in Germany and the Old Catholic Movement.

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